Celiac Disease

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Celiac disease: an often missed diagnosis

Commonly referred to as wheat allergy, celiac disease is not an allergic disorder; rather it is actually intolerance to gluten, a protein in wheat. It is also known as celiac sprue, nontropical sprue and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Celiac disease occurs in people who have a genetic susceptibility. It was considered a north European disease initially but now it has a high prevalence in all the continents. In north- India it affects 1 in 200-300 individuals, similar to its prevalence in Europe. Celiac disease is primarily a digestive condition triggered by consumption of the protein gluten resulting in an immune reaction in the small intestine, which leads to inability to absorb certain …show more content…

Malnutrition can cause stunted growth in children and delay their development.  Loss of calcium and bone density. With continued loss of fat in the stool, calcium and vitamin D may be lost in excessive amounts. This may result in a bone disorder called osteomalacia, a softening of the bone also known as rickets in children, and loss of bone density (osteoporosis).  Cancer. People with celiac disease who don't maintain a gluten-free diet also have a greater chance of getting one of several forms of cancer, especially intestinal lymphoma.  Other complications. Celiac disease has been linked to a number of autoimmune diseases kike thyroid disorders, autoimmune hepatitis and infertility, among others.
Diagnosis
Patients with celiac disease have high titres of certain antibodies, to certain proteins related to gluten, A blood test can detect high levels of these antibodies .Commonly used tests are anti-tissue glutaminase antibodies ,anti-gliadin antibodies and endomyseal antibodies. To confirm the diagnosis, a biopsy is taken from the small intestine through an endoscope, which is examined under the microscope.

Treatment
The treatment is simple though not very easy to follow. It involves total avoidance of wheat and wheat products and nutritional supplementation. North- Indian diet is very heavily dependent on wheat, so it creates a problem, especially in children. Wheat products are

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