Molecular Genetics

894 words 4 pages
Show More
1. DNA Nucleotide

[pic]

Nucleotides consist of three parts --- a pentose sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate group. A pentose sugar is a five-sided sugar. Deoxyribose has a hydrogen atom attached to its #2 carbon atom (designated 2'), and ribose has a hydroxyl group atom there. Deoxyribose-containing nucleotides are the monomers of DNA

RNA Nucleotide

[pic]

The left picture shows the nucleotide unit of RNA. Nucleotides differ from nucleosides in that they have phosphate groups. Nucleotides can exist in the mono-, di-, or tri-phosphorylated forms. The most common site of phosphorylation of nucleotides found in cells is the hydroxyl group attached to the 5'-carbon of the ribose. …show more content…

3. Explain Central Dogma

Transcription.

Transcription is the making of an RNA molecule off a DNA template. Translation is the construction of an amino acid sequence (polypeptide) from an RNA molecule. Although originally called dogma, this idea has been tested repeatedly with almost no exceptions to the rule being found (save retroviruses). DNA unwinds and unzips at the gene of interest. RNA polymerase hooks up with free RNA nucleotides by the Base Pair Rule then the gene becomes a mRNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the blueprint for construction of a protein. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the construction site where the protein is made. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the truck delivering the proper amino acid to the site at the right time. RNA polymerase opens the part of the DNA to be transcribed. Only one strand of DNA (the template strand) is transcribed. RNA nucleotides are available in the region of the chromatin (this process only occurs during Interphase) and are linked together similar to the DNA process.

Translation

The mRNA is being read by the ribosome codon by codon,
Each codon is three bases
Also each codon has an anticodon which matches up with its codon by the Base Pair Rule.
There is also an amino acid with each anticodon
The anticodon and the amino acid are carried by somehting called a tRNA
In the ribosome, it connects the codons and anticodons, but it also connects the amino acids

Related

  • Lorenzo's Oil
    1748 words | 7 pages

    certain genetic traits/diseases of the person you would want to spend the rest of your life with. In this way, you are aware of the consequences and ready for anything that might happen or come along. Recommendation: I recommend genetic counseling for married couples that are possible carriers or probands of Adrenoleukodystrophy. Genetic counseling is the process of providing individuals and families with information on the nature, inheritance, and implications of genetic disorders….

    Show More
  • The Cellular Basis of Cancer
    2324 words | 10 pages

    worldwide as it can develop in almost any organ or tissue. Significant advances in understanding the cellular basis of cancer and the underlying biological mechanisms of tumour has been vastly improved in the recent years (Jiang et al. 1994). Cancer is a genetic disease which requires a series of mutation during mitosis to develop, its characteristics can be associated with their ability to grow and divide abnormal cells uncontrollable while in the mean time invade and cause nearby blood vessels to serve….

    Show More
  • Genetic Testing and Its Social Implications
    3353 words | 14 pages

    Probably, applied genetics' most impacts on society are as a result of genetic tests. In general, genetic tests seek to detect some feature of a person's genetic constitution. This feature can be a disease causing mutation or a marker DNA sequence used to detect presence of another gene. Obviously these procedures used for testing the status of DNA, RNA or chromosomes are included in genetic tests. What is more it is possible to include some protein based tests and classical medical examinations….

    Show More
  • Describe How Bacteria Decode Its Genetic Information to Produce Proteins?
    1483 words | 6 pages

    Describe how Bacteria decode its genetic information to produce proteins? Intro(10mins) Bacteria belongs to a group of organism that lacks cell nucleus and membrane bound organells. This group of organisms are termed as prokaryotes. Prokaryotes follows the central dogma of molecular biology first proposed by Francis Crick in 1958 to synthesize proteins from mRNA through a process called translation and the mRNA is being synthesized from the DNA by another process called Transcription. Temperature….

    Show More
  • The Silver Linings Playbook: Clinical Diagnosis of Pat Solitano
    2740 words | 11 pages

    undertaken twin and adoption studies to examine the role of genetics and the environment in an endeavour to further comprehend the biological substructures of bipolar disorder, specifically that of neurobiological processes. (Taylor, Faraone & Tsuang, 2002) As previously established that bipolar is highly heritable, with an 80% chance of heritability (McGuffin et al., 2003; Glahn, Bearden, Niendam & Escamilla, 2004) It has been long assumed that genetic transmission contributes to the progression of abnormal….

    Show More
  • BCH190
    14809 words | 60 pages

    A Pipetman is: (A) the new biomedical device made by tissue engineeringand now used to treat the damaged blood vessels of heart attack victims (B) a radical group of bioengineered superheroes inthe Hollywood movie GATTACCA (C) a molecular biology tool used in the lab to measuresmall volumes of liquid common in biotechnology (D) a new type of bio-engineered crop plants that are drought tolerant (E) a new surgical tool used in to extract cancer cells 21. An ultracentrifuge….

    Show More
  • Central Nervous System
    4535 words | 19 pages

    Generation of pattern and diversity in Central Nervous System Central nervous system (CNS) is composed of brain and the spinal cord. Neurons constitute a major part of the developing CNS. An axon is an extension of a neuron. The brain grows as a swelling at the front (rostal) end of the neural tube and later leads to become a spinal cord (1,2). Development of the CNS involves many complex mechanisms beginning at the onset of transformation of a single layer of ectodermal cells, the neuroectoderm….

    Show More
  • Anagene Inc.
    1038 words | 5 pages

    History and Background Anagene is a biotechnology firm started by Mark Hansen and Harold Bergman in 1993. Hansen and Bergman planned to combine microelectronics and molecular biology to develop products that would have broad commercial applications in genomics and other fields. Anagene’s mission was to facilitate breakthrough genetic analysis. The company went public in the year 1998 and raised $42.9 million. The company’s core product was a cartridge which had to be analyzed with a Anagene-designed….

    Show More
  • Lab Repotrt
    1625 words | 7 pages

    Title: Comparing fish protein Introduction: Darwin's Theory of Evolution is the commonly thought notion that all life is linked and has descended from a common ancestor. Darwin's general theory assumes the development of life from nonlife and stresses a purely naturalistic "descent with modification". That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time. “Natural selection is a process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce….

    Show More
  • Psy midterm paper
    1452 words | 6 pages

    Midterm Essay ExaminationMidterm Essay Examination1.Describe the basic functioning of a neuron beginning with receiving signals from other neurons or sense organs and ending with the transmission of a signal to another neuron. Explain how a pattern of neuron firing is related to behavior. Neurons are information- processing units in the central nervous system that receive and transmit information. It is made up of an axon, dendrites and a cell body. The nucleus and cytoplasm are contained in the….

    Show More

Popular Essays