Microbiology, Test 3 Study Guide Chapters 14, 15, 16 and 17 Chapter 14 This chapter is about the principles of disease and epidemiology. Epidemiology – the science that studies when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted. CDC, Atlanta, tracks and traces diseases. ONE World (the idea that it’s all in one place, it could happen anywhere; locally, states, large counties track the incidences and occurrences of disease) Pathology – scientific study of disease. Pathogenesis – the manner in which a disease develops Pathogen – disease causing organism (from worms to prions, viruses, or bacteria) Pathogenicity – the …show more content…

Human reservoir – from coughing, sneezing to sex contact Carrier – is shedding pathogen Subclinical infection someone who is not sick who has it, transfers it to others Acute carrier – someone who is sick for a few days to a few weeks Chronic carrier – a long term carrier Nosocomial – a hospital acquired infection 2. Animal reservoir – zoonoses – from an animal reservoir Zoonotic disease – most emerging diseases ; species jumping; rabies, Lyme, west nile; lizards, snakes, chickens, turtles, rodents; under the radar; 3. Inanimate - not in a live state; water, soil Transmission of disease Direct contact transmission – person to person transmission Universal precautions – prevention against blood borne pathogens; masks and gloves Indirect contact transmission – no touch with actual infected person; just contact with tissues, phones, fomites that are contaminated with infected material Fomite an inanimate object, nonliving, hard structure material Aerosols or droplets - In the air Vehicle Transmission Airborne - 1 m or farther away from original source Water borne - in the water; ex: cholera (salads, chopping boards) Food borne in the food;