Chemistry

JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY DEPT: CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIT: CHEMISTRY 1 (SCH 2109) PRACTICAL REPORT EXPT 2: Standardization and Determination of Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid in a Given Solution by ARAKA BRAMWEL MBOGO EN251-0221/2010 TITLE: STANDARDIZATION and DETERMINATION OF THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID PRESENT IN A GIVEN SOLUTION Aims: To be able to standardize Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution using a standard solution of Oxalic acid. To be able to

energy. Chemistry is defined as the study or science of this ever changing matter. Or chemistry is essentially the study of materials and the development of new materials for the betterment of humanity. We use chemistry from the beginning of the day till its end, the toothpaste we use to brush our teeth is made of abrasives, fluoride, and detergents. It is a very simple fact that chemistry plays an important role in every person’s daily activities from the moment we’re born. The role of chemistry usually

1 Lab Assignment #5 Write-Up 2 General Info: Name: Date: Purpose: Of Exp #5: In this experiment we will learn about the spectroscope and how it works. To learn the concept of quantitative measurements, to construct a spectroscope and, to use it for taking quantitative measurements. Experimental Questions: Please complete this section of your write-up as you work on the experimental portion of this lab. 1. Hold the grating several inches from your face, at an angle. Look at the grating that

NITRATION OF METHYL BENZOATE Bachelor of Science in Human Biology College of Science, De La Salle University - Dasmariñas ABSTRACT ___________________________________________________________________________________ Aromatic hydrocarbons are electron rich and are stable because it has a benzene ring. It undergoes Electrophilic aromatic substitution, and the nitration of methyl benzoate illustrates this type of reaction. The objective of this experiment is to synthesize methyl m-nitrobenzoate

Experiment 2 Date: 24 January 2006 Title : Crystallization of a Crude Sample Objective : Preparation of pure diphenyl via crystallization of crude diphenyl dissolved in ethanol. Structural Formula of Organic Substances Involved : Diphenyl Ethanol Apparatus : Round-bottom flask (100 mL), measuring cylinder (50 mL), conical flask (50 mL), filter flask, beaker (100 mL), stemless glass funnel, Hirsch funnel, capillary tube, long glass tube, watch glass, glass vial, water condenser, retort

Megan Entwistle, Maria Amos, and Paul Golubic CHEM 0330 Organic Lab 1 Sodium Borohydride Reduction: Diphenylmethanol from Benzophenone 11/16/11 Introduction Redox (shorthand for REDuction-OXidation) reactions are chemical reactions in which the oxidation state (or oxidation number) of atoms has changed. Oxidation can be observed through the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by an atom, ion or molecule. Reduction describes the gain of electrons or decrease in oxidation state

Compare and Contrast Two Short Stories-- Landlady by Roald Dahl and Chemistry by Graham Swift There are lots of great short stories out there, but in my opinion, both ‘Chemistry’ by Graham Swift and ‘The Landlady’ by Roald Dahl are two of the most unique and effective stories. They share both similarities and differences throughout. Comparing and contrasting the way the authors

AP Chemistry Background The solubility product constant, Ksp, is a particular type of equilibrium constant. The equilibrium is formed when an ionic solid dissolves in water to form a saturated solution. The equilibrium exists between the aqueous ions and the undissolved solid. A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of ions of the substance that can dissolve at the solutions temperature. A knowledge of the Ksp of a salt is useful, since it allows us to determine the concentration

{draw:g} Table of Contents 3… Abstract 4… Literature Review 7… Hypothesis 8… Materials 9… Procedure 10… Results 12… Analysis of Data 13… Conclusion Abstract Literature Review In Chemical Kinetics in the field of Chemistry, the Collision Theory plays a large role. The theory states that the more collisions that occur in a system, the more likely combinations of molecules will happen. Also, more collisions means more combinations of molecules to occur which will consequently speed up the

Irresistible? By Mikayla Messing 8/3/12 Section 623 Abstract To examine the effectiveness of buffers by titrating two sets of five different solutions using HCl and NaOH and monitoring the pH change of the various solutions. The data collected shows that the buffer systems made with sodium acetate and acetic acid were effect when titrated with the strong acid and the strong base. Comparison of all the solutions shows that the concepts of buffers holds true for the results from the experimentation

Central Issue In the new world of making a name for yourself, one of the most important characteristics of human culture has begun to be lost. Love, relationships, marriage, etc. have all begun to be swallowed by the notion that in order to be successful in this world, your full attention, time, and money must be put into your career. Before the 20th century, life was simple and universal. Men “brought home the bacon” while women stayed at home washing dishes, cleaning the house, raising children

Experiment 6: Synthesis of an Alkyl Halide Maria Alexandria Buraga Ammuyutan Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines ------------------------------------------------- Department of Food and Science Nutrition, College of Home Economics, Univeristy of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT ------------------------------------------------- Alcohols react with hydrogen halides

Toni Murphy Ali Rezaie ENGL 2025 Why Can’t We be Friends? There are one hundred and ninety six different countries in the world. There are thousands of ethnic groups among these countries. Within all of the diverse places we are all similar because we are all human. We have the same wants and same needs; the only thing that makes us different is the location we originated. Here in the United States, Americans, whether realizing it or not, consider themselves higher in status. Even though

Copper-Iron Stoichiometry Lab Report 10/3/12 Abstract: The lab performed required the use of quantitative and analytical analysis along with limiting reagent analysis. The reaction of Copper (II) Sulfate, CuSO4, mass of 7.0015g with 2.0095g Fe or iron powder produced a solid precipitate of copper while the solution remained the blue color. Through this the appropriate reaction had to be determined out of the two possibilities. Through the use of a vacuum filtration system the mass of Cu was

Synthesis of Acetaminophen Lab Report Bijal Patel, 20467049 Partner: Poojan Parikh T.A.’s: Long Pu CHEM 123L, Section: 006, Rm: ESC 149 Tuesday February 4, 2013, 2:30pm-5:20pm Experiment Done: Tuesday January 22, 2013 Introduction Acetaminophen was first introduced in 1955 (Richman, 2004). It is an over-the-counter drug that relieves pain and reduced fevers. Acetaminophen is considered an alternate to aspirin since it does not irritate the stomach (Richman, 2004). It also has very

1. Identify suitable business data, data elements, data types, and resources, based on the following interview between a database analyst and a lecturer from Sutherland University: Business Data Data Elements Data Types Resources Course Course code Course name Course start date Course end date Integer Character Date Date Admin Classes Class name Start date End date Time Location Class capacity Integer Date Date Date time Integer Variable Admin Students Student ID

Experiment 5: Percent Water in a Hydrated Salt Chemistry 1300 Instructor: 2/8/12 Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the percent by mass in a hydrated salt, as well as to learn to handle laboratory apparatus without touching it. The hydrated salt, calcium carbonate, was heated with high temperature to release water molecules. Gravimetric analysis was used in this experiment to determine the percent by mass of water in a hydrated salt. The hypothesis of this experiment

-------------------------------------------------   Isolation of Caffeine from Coffee Date of laboratory work: 10/9/2012 5:00-7:45 Date of report written: 10/15/2012 Introduction: The purpose is to isolate caffeine from coffee by using the organic solvent dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) that is also referred to as direct contact. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is used to remove the tannins from the coffee. Afterwards an extraction is used to separate the organic layer (bottom) from

PRACTICAL REPORT ON THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CODEINE AND PARACETAMOLPRACTICAL REPORT ON THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CODEINE AND PARACETAMOL AIM: To extract codeine and paracetamol from its tablet by solvent extraction and tentatively identify in comparison to standards using Thin Layer Chromatography. INTRODUCTION: Codeine or methyl morphine, an alkaloid, was first isolated in 1832 from raw opium. It concentration ranges from 0.2% to 0.8%. Mostly used for its analgesic,

Laboratory Research Report 1: Procedures in the Physical Sciences Hebert Duran Strayer University SCI 110, Kung Craig P. 29 April 2013 Identify three (3) specific challenges to making direct measurements in the fields of astronomy, chemistry, physics, or earth science. Describe how scientists have utilized indirect forms of measure to overcome these challenges Since the ancient times people have always been attracted to the unknown. Humans have always been curious about everything they

Acid in the human stomach When people refer to acid they usually see it as a corrosive liquid that can dissolve metals or change the color of a substance. So they think of acid as a dangerous matter for the body and believe it can easily dissolve your skin. What I have previously listed are indeed properties of certain acids, such as Hydrofluoric Acid which can cause irreversible tissue damage if it comes in contact with skin, but not all acids are this strong. As a matter of fact what a lot of

March 23, 2014 MG354 Small Business Management My Strengths and Weaknesses in Running a Small Business Running a small business would be both a wonderful retirement gift and a scary post-military venture. Becoming an entrepreneur would be, for anyone, a dream come true, but jumping into the small business world without a plan, education or experience to do so would be a hasty entrance to the business world. A thorough review of my education and my experience to develop a possible jump into

Experiment 1: Synthesis of Copper Compounds Introduction This experiment involves the synthesis of compounds originating from pure solid copper. By applying solubility rules and the reactive properties of substances, many compounds which would otherwise be costly to extract from nature are able to be synthesized in the laboratory. Laboratory synthesized may sometimes be more economical than natural extraction, however it poses its own problems with the amount of substance that is actually yielded

Mateo Castro April 3, 2013 Lab Partner: Unur Abdul Kader T.A: Katie Experiment 22: Molar Solubility, Common-Ion Effect Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the molar solubility, the solubility constant, and the effect of a common ion on the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide. To accomplish this the experiment was split into two parts; part A and Part B. in Part A of the experiment a standardized 0.05 M solution of HCl was titrated into a 25 mL solution of saturated

CHM130 Lab 4 Calorimetry Name: Mengqi Li Data Table: (12 points) ALUMINUM METAL Pre-weighed Aluminum metal sample mass (mmetal) 50.0 grams Temperature of boiling water and metal sample in the pot (Ti(metal)) dsdfa(Ti 90.0 C Temperature of cool water in the calorimeter prior to adding hot metal sample (Ti(water)) 17.0 C Maximum Temperature of water/metal in calorimeter after mixing (Tf) 47.0 C LEAD METAL Pre-weighed Lead metal sample mass (mmetal) 50.0 grams Temperature of boiling

Design Objective: Find the standard molar enthalpy of combustion for magnesium. Manipulated Variables- volume of HCl, length of magnesium strip, mass of magnesium oxide, Controlled Variable- type of calorimeter (Styrofoam cup) Responding Variable- change in temperature Procedure: 1. Cut out 3 pieces of magnesium strips each with lengths of maximum 5 centimeters. 2. Measure and record the lengths of the magnesium. 3. Scrub the magnesium strips with steel wool to clean out impurities

QUALITATIVE TESTS OF CARBOHYDRATES Final Lab Report Submitted by Brittany Fitzgerald 545301 Prepared for Nancy Cook Chemistry 3501 Monday November 26, 2012 RESULTS PART A: As a result of the Benedict’s test on various sugar solutions, it was found that galactose, mannose, arabinose, ribose, lactose, fructose, maltose, and cellobiose tested positively and therefore are considered reducing sugars. Glucose, starch, sucrose, and methyl-D-glucopyranoside on the other hand tested

A Look Into the World of Anorexia Nicole R. King Georgia Perimeter College Author Note Nicole R. King, Criminal Justice Major, Georgia Perimeter College Abstract Eating disorders have become an increasing public health problem once thought to be an affliction amongst young women, now an epidemic across culture and gender boundaries. Anorexia gives rise to serious socio-economic and bio-psychological circumstances of our ever vast, growing society. Awareness of eating disorders have increased

Remember, density = mass/volume. You can look up the density of the water at your specific temperature at http://www.ncsu.edu/chemistry/resource/H2Odensity_vp.html. (5 points) Mass = Density * Volume Density = 0.9970479 g/ml Mass = 0.9970479 g/ml * 75mL = 74.78 g 16. Use the equation: q = m(SH)ΔT to solve for the amount of heat gained by the water from metal. You have the mass

Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to prepare Benzilic acid by multistep synthesis starting with benzaldehyde. In this setup however, product of the first step, Benzoin, is provided thereby omitting the first step involving the conversion of benzaldehyde. For this experiment, the microscale techniques of reflux, crystallization, and melting-point determination were used. Utilizing these techniques a product yield of 93% for benzil and 57% for Benzilic acid was obtained, as well as

The Effects of Methamphetamine on the Body The abuse of methamphetamine is a very serious problem in the United States. According to one national survey, approximately 10 million people in the United States have tried methamphetamine at least once (Meth Abuse and Addiction, 2010). Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant that affects the central nervous system. Although most of the methamphetamine used in this country comes from foreign or domestic super labs, the drug is also easily made

Midterm Exam_MATH302 Question 1 of 25 0.0/ 1.0 Points Which of the following statistics is not a measure of central location? A.Interquartile range (CORRECT) B.Median C.Mode D.Mean Question 2 of 25 1.0/ 1.0 Points If events A and B are mutually exclusive, then the probability of both events occurring simultaneously is equal to A.0.0 (CORRECT) B.1.0 C.0.5 D.any value between 0.5 and 1.0 Question 3 of 25 1.0/ 1.0 Points The table below shows the preferences for elective

ids Acids, Bases, Buffers and Respiration Darlene E. McDonald WCCC Fall 2012 Ap Lab 071-07 Dr. Roxanne Levandosky August 31, 2012 I. INTRODUCTION: A.PURPOSE: a. To define and understand the key terms. ~acid ~buffer system ~base ~acidosis ~pH ~alkalosis ~pH scale ~hypoventilation ~pH indicators ~hyperventilation b. To determine the acidic or base nature and actual pH of various substances. c. To discuss the formation of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate ion

Experiment 3: Resonance Energy of Naphthalene by Bomb Calorimetry Cameron Fowler CHEM 457: Lab Section 4 Submitted: 11/4/10 Lab Group #3: Michael Hyle Neil Baranik Tim Riley Abstract: The enthalpy of combustion of naphthalene was experimentally determined to be -5030.44 ± 78.98 kJ/mol which was a 2.5% error from the literature value of -5160 ± 20 kJ/mol.2 The theoretical enthalpy of combustion of solid naphthalene was calculated to be -6862.68 kJ/mol using bond energies for the gaseous

In Aldous Huxley’s “Time and the Machine” the author is unenthusiastic with the use of the present generation’s use of time management as opposed to previous generations. In the past, people were more involved with nature, they enjoyed taking walks and kids ran and played outside more. Nowadays more children would prefer to remain in doors and play video games or surf the internet instead of a game of “jump rope.” Nature is relevant in this work due to the author’s frustration with time being spent

Name CHE 173 Sec # January 25, 2005 Experiment 36: Determination of the Structure of a Natural Product in Anise Oil Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to isolate the major component of anise oil and determine its identity and structure using melting point determination and IR spectroscopy. Introduction: The major component of anise oil has the chemical formula C10H12O. This compound is said to be hydrogen deficient, meaning that it contains less hydrogen atoms than would be needed for

Charles Pridgen CONS-422a From the journal of Antonio Vivaldi December 12, 1717 As noted in a previous journal entry, I had made a trip to Cöthen where the great composer, Johann Sebastian Bach, is under the service of Prince Leopold. There I heard a recent keyboard transcription of Bach’s. The transcription was of a piece called Concerto in D minor for Oboe, Strings and Basso Continuo. Bach listed the composer as the well-known Venetian composer Benedetto Marcello. As I listened to the piece

The two main characters in the novel “Three Day Road” by Joseph Boyden; Xavier Bird and Elijah Weesageechack, have many key differences that are illustrated throughout the novel. Xavier is reserved and visceral, while Elijah is self-assured and talkative. Xavier was raised by his Aunt Niska for the Majority of his childhood, opposed to how Elijah was raised in Moose Factory by nuns at a residential school. These factors hold an important responsibility on their personalities and the way that they

Chem 3100 Thursday 9am-1:45pm Olumba Obu Unknown #: 146 Fall-11 Organic Chemistry Midterm Report 13 October 2011 Table of Contents Separation of Benzoic Acid and Acetanilide 3 Extraction and Purification of Caffeine from Tea 4 Extraction of Trimyristin from Nutmeg 5 Conversion of t-butanol to t-butyl chloride 6 Appendix 7 Calculations 8 Literature and Experimental Values of Benzoic Acid and Acetanilide 9 Experimental Caffeine IR 10 Literature Caffeine

Essay Sustainability Along the Global Supply Chain Spring Term 2011 Herman Miller Case Analysis Name: Victoria Kondratova, Ekaterina Tarkhova Address: Bischof-Dirichs-Str. 56, 65375 Oestrich-Winkel Submitted to: Prof. Dr. Julia Wolf Submission Date: April 1st, 2011 Table of Contents: Table of Contents List of Abbreviations 1. Introduction 2. Herman Miller’s Environmental Protection Strategy and its Necessity 3. Cradle-to-cradle Design Protocol 4. TPU verses PVC Approach 5. Implementation

Part A 1.0 Introduction of the organization: Jakel Silk House Jakel Silk House was established with the belief that are the catalysts to bring fashion in Malaysia from a medium to higher level with the support of the distinguished partners and clients. The firms are working together with the fashion industry to user in a new era of fashion, from a company of Malaysians for Malaysians. The focus of Jakel Silk House is to put one of Bumiputra on the Malaysian stage of fashion fabrics. The company

Kevin Penn American Intercontinental University Unit 1 Individual Project CRJS105 –1103b-04 Theories of Crime Causation August 28,2011 Abstract In this paper I will explain the differences between Criminologists, Criminalists, and Forensic psychologists and what is the difference in their disciplines of expertise. As well as looking at blue collar crime vs. white collar crime, how they are reported and measured by the FBI in their uniformed

FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STOOK ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES COMPANY BY KAYODE, STEPHEN OLUWATOBI 166277 A SEMINAR SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, IBADAN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY AND POLLUTION CONTROL) M.Sc. (ECPC) JANUARY, 2013 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As globalization continues and the earth’s natural processes transform local problems into international issues, few societies

This information was provided in Microscale Inorganic chemistry textbook1. Table 1: Chemical Data of Compounds(1) Compound | FW | Amount | mmol | mp (oC) | bp (oC) | Density | Salicylaldehyde | 122.12 | 450 μL | 4.09 | | 197 | 1.146 | Ethylenediamine | 60.10 | 140 μL | 2.00 | | 118 | 0.899 | salenH2

Psychological Differences between African-American and Caucasian Individuals: An Endless Controversy Alana Carran Psychology 308K 7980 Semester 1209 Alana Carran Dawn K. Lewis Psychology 308K 15 December 2012 Psychological Differences between African-American and Caucasian Individuals: An Endless Controversy Introduction Investigating the psychological differences between African-Americans and their Caucasian counterparts has been fraught with contention, an endless debate revolving

Juliana Amenta 2/18/13 Mr. Zastrow Chemical Warfare During World War 1 The first World War has been reported to be one of the most brutal wars in the history of time for many reasons. One of those reasons was strategic usage of chemical warfare. Chemical gas was used on both sides of the line, which turned out to be fatal for many. World War I was mostly fought in the trenches, where soldiers lived in deep, v-shaped holes or underground bunkers. Both sides would occupy these trenches in order

Discovering the Mystery of Eleven Test Tubes Karen Radakovich Ph.D. Mohammad Farhad Brittany Cina CH 223, Spring 08 Abstract: Eleven mystery test tubes labeled from K-1 to K-11 contained: 6M H2SO4, 6M NH3, 6M HCl, 6M NaOH, 1M NaCl, 1M Fe(NO3)3, 1M NiSO4, 1M AgNO3, 1M KSCN, 1M Ba(NO3)2, 1M Cu(NO3)2 respectively. The contents of the test tubes were determined by chemical experiments. Solution K-1 contained NiSO4 because when solution K-9, ammonia which was identified by its pungent odor

Methclnolysir of Acetal A chemical kinetics a n d g a r chromatography experiment Nashville, Tennessee The methanolysis of acetal and gas chromatography complement perfectly to provide a rare and interesting experiment for the physical chemistry student. The reaction of acetal with methanol is a consecutive reaction in which diethyl acetal (aretal) replaces its two ethoxy groups with methoxy groups forming methy1et)hylacetal first and dimethyl acetal in the second step. Investigating the

Experiment No ____ 2.0 hours D1=2,D2=1,D3=0 The Effect of Temperature on the Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water under Constant Pressure Beijing World Youth Academy Subject: Chemistry Student name: YeiYoung Choo Candidate number: 000791 011 January 21, 2009 Teacher Helen Xu The Effect of Temperature on the Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water under Constant Pressure (Evaluated for Design) Research Question What is the effect of temperature on the solubility of

Darwin claims that the interrelationships between species exclude God; yet science’s exclusion of God cannot disprove His existence. There is no research out there that disproves intelligent design— that disproves God. I love science; biology, chemistry, and math are some of my favorite subjects. When I learn about all the patterns of nature (like natural logarithms), the components of matter, and the universe, I don’t see mindless mechanistic coincidences; I see the direct results of God’s handiwork